The quality of being different from other people and doing things in your own way. The belief that individual people in society should have the right to make their own decisions, rather than be controlled by the government.

MYANMAR successfully showed off its brilliant endeav­ours in implementing the literacy campaign with mass participation in central Myanmar in the 1960s. Among international literacy initiatives, Myanmar’s efforts in promoting literacy have been historically prominent. During the colonial period, literacy rates declined due to adverse circumstances. As a result, literacy programs were carried out actively under the leadership of UNESCO, achieving notable success.

Flash floods, landslides, and inundation problems are partly caused by the inadequate maintenance and conservation of rivers and streams. Myanmar needs to prioritize flood preparedness, especially in areas prone to flooding, as torrential rains can cause rivers and creeks to overflow when they are not properly managed.

CHINA and Myanmar have been maintaining their strong traditional bonds of friendship with each other for many years. China hosted the Shanghai Cooperation Organization (SCO) Summit 2025 in Tianjin. SCO member countries are working in unison to develop the economic and trade sectors among them.

NATIONAL reconciliation is the process of restoring unity, trust, and mutual respect among different groups within a country after periods of conflict, division, or misunderstanding. It is a journey towards healing the wounds of the past and building a shared future. Reconciliation is essential not only for political stability but also for social harmony and sustainable development.

IN Myanmar, the economy mainly relies on agriculture and livestock-based enterprises. About 70 per cent of the population lives in rural areas, and more than half are engaged in farming and livestock activities. Officials serving at the district and township levels need to be aware of the conditions in their respective areas and work to find ways to improve production enterprises.

UNDER the guidance of the Head of State, youth development programmes are being systematically implemented and nurtured with a long-term vision in Myanmar. As such, Myanmar youths must also prepare in advance to actively participate in the changing world, not only by contributing strength to national development but also by ensuring the new generations can take part energetically.

WORLD Humanitarian Day is observed annually on 19 August to honour humanitarian workers for their sacrifice of life and limbs while carrying out their vital work, as well as to recognize all aid and health workers who continue to provide life-saving support to those most in need. This day serves as a tribute to their courage, dedication, and tireless service in some of the world’s most challenging environments.

XINHUA News Agency on 9 August 2025 stated a news story with the headline: 2025 World Robot Conference kicks off in Beijing. It mentioned that the 2025 World Robot Conference (WRC), which kicked off on Friday in Beijing, unveiled future development trends of embodied intelligent robots, focusing on fields such as cognition, decision-making and safety.

IN EFFORTS to rapidly develop the nation’s economy, agriculture and livestock breeding – being the primary livelihood for the majority of the ethnic people in the country and serving as a vital artery of the national economy – play a crucial role. Therefore, promoting and expanding industries based on these sectors proves to be the most effective approach.